The thermometer is another crucial, yet commonly, overlooked tool for espresso lovers. Clip it to the inside of the frothing pitcher and watch the dial. Using a thermometer takes the guesswork out of frothing and steaming. Note: These thermometers are a commercial style. They do not have an absolute zero point. The dial may rest as far back as the 200° mark when cool.

Tip: Your milk should reach (but not exceed) 160°.